Enriched flour to improve nutritional status crowd
Ms China centers for disease control and prevention of DSM etc
For promoting Chinese food fortification, strengthening our country the experience, flour and health bureau in 2001 and 2002, in farmland (grass) subsidies in the flour, strengthen flour strengthening nutrients promote pilot job. China CDC nutrition and food safety in WeiChangXian state-level counties forestry area in hebei province, the pilot areas strengthen flour crowd nutrition improvement effect, the purpose is to observe work to strengthen flour crowd after intervention, this paper discusses the biological effects of flour aggrandizement become China's nutrition improve the effectiveness and feasibility of the way, to promote Chinese flour fortification provide scientific data.
1 method
110 the test method
Using body tries to strengthen flour food experiment to improve nutritional status of the population, test plan through the centers for disease control and prevention in China nutrition and food security, "human ethics committee review experts to review. Enriched flour formulated by the project group formula, the approval. Nutrients and nutritional fortifiers additives used in table 1. Chengde city, hebei province TaiChang Snow White flour for strengthening the flour production, strengthens the basic national policy of flour with subsidies to farmers for the farmland wheat DSM company responsible. Second provide enriched flour with nutriment, including NaFeEDTA by Beijing, China's production of his company vascular disease prevention and control center for nutrition and food security, strengthen flour quality control.
1.2 observation object
Choose WeiChangXian in hebei province ", "national forestry subsidy policy WeiChangXian allowance of flour mixture and town, SiDaoGou township two towns volunteers strengthen flour mixture of thousands, and gets the SiDaoGou controls for the intervention group, observation township for 20-60 million rural women, advance group, edible 309 forestry strengthen flour, the same level, edible 302 fails to strengthen the farmland of 611 people flour,.
130 observation
Observe the intervention group subjects of biological effect strengthening flour food. Enriched flour time eating subjects for 36 months. Enriched flour WeiChangXian bureau of chengde city bureau and disseminate, release once every six months. Participants edible enriched flour 0 months, 12 months, 24 months, 36 months, height, weight, and body fat, hemoglobin and the original lindsey, serum iron, iron, transferrin receptor, serum zinc, serum vitamin a. serum folate determination and dietary investigation: edible strengthen flour 6 months, 18 months and twenty-four months when hemoglobin monitoring and dietary survey.
1.4 monitoring method
1.4. 1 height, weight: the wuhan weighing apparatus factory RGZ - 120 height weight scales measuring a.
1.4.2 Body fat: the American RJL system, Inc. - the Bio electrical production mposition Body Co - QuartumllRJL Analyzer were calculated, and the circuit reactance resistance Body fat.
1.4.3 Hemoglobin: the Hemocue Sweden AB corporation production Hemocue B - Hemoglobin.
1.4.4 venous blood collection: 5m1, placed 20minro, 1 hour (3000 RPM/min centrifugal separation, serum 15 minutes) and special in frozen - 20 ° c.
1.4. 5: food diet survey method of frequency.
1.5 laboratory measurement
1. 5. 1 serum iron: flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry, Hitachi Z - 2000 atomic absorption rate.
1.5.2 serum iron, RANDOX Sf protein: American BECKMAN SYNCHRON kits CX4PR0 / BECKMAN automatic biochemistry analyzer.
1.5.3 free original porphyrin, fluorescence, Shanghai 976CRT type fluorescence spectrophotometry analyzer to measure.
1.5.4 transferrin receptor: double antibody sandwich ELISA, Opsys MR microplate wash machine, Opsys MW.
1.5.5 serum vitamin A, HPLC, peaceful 2695 high-performance liquid chromatography.
1.5.6 serum zinc: flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry, Hitachi Z - 2000 atomic absorption rate.
1.5.7 serum folate: AxSYM supporting immuosorbent AxSYM, can automatic immune shine analyzer.
1 6 data analysis by SPSS software, analysis of the results.
2 results and analysis
The basic analysis were 2.1
Human age, height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) no significant difference (see chart 2), close monitoring data in 2002 China nutrition and health survey of rural women's values. 3 years work the indexes of no significant change.
Survey and analysis of 2.2 meals
2. 2. 1 food consumption and consumption: hebei WeiChangXian intervention group women three years for the daily intake of cereals, rice and 1g 362. Its products, flour, average consumption ratio 463o for crops, 45%, 9%, Enriched flour, average intake of 112 5g) for women in three years, two groups during the observation and consumption of food consumption is no significant change.
In China, the nutrition intake 2.2.2 centers for disease control and prevention nutrition and food security, Chinese food ingredients, prepare for [sichuan food ingredients clustering, the calculation of the intake of nutrients, and Chinese nutrition society of Chinese residents meal nutyrition reference intake, women's groups have can satisfy the nutrients in constant demands, but there are different degree of micronutrients. Strengthen flour of the significant increase dietary intake of vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, folic acid, Nick acid, iron, zinc and micronutrients, the level of consumption or near A Chinese resident intake of nutrients in dietary intake reference. See table 4.
With the analysis of the 2.3 hematology index
2. 3, 1 hemoglobin and concludes: 24 months after intervention, the intervention group were significantly higher than those in the control group Hb level. According to the WHO recommends diagnostic criteria of anemia, adult female hemoglobin < 120g/L for anemia. The control group and the intervention group prealence of anemia respectively 15 percent and 13-1, strengthen flour 3 years, the intervention group has different levels drop, concludes by 15 percent drop to 10 percent, and control, and concludes no hemoglobin. See table 5. Enriched flour NaFeEDTA that can improve the intervention group subjects hemoglobin levels, reduce concludes.
5 hemoglobin and concludes changes (g/L)
5 any two of 116. IDA prevalence in * (g/L) groups
Compared with the baseline, compared with (P < 0.05) (3) (4) (P < 0.01) the same below.
2 3 two iron
2. 3, 1. 2. The original porphyrin: original porphyrin during the trial group had no significant differences. But the intervention group reduced to 24 months after 50g/dL, 0 NRFeEDTA showed significantly lower than that of control group, can reduce the level of iron porphyrins, improve the nutritional status. Table 6.
2.3.2.2 serum iron: control test and serum iron, the intervention group edible strengthen flour after 12 months of serum iron level higher than control group, but significant 24, 36 months testing results show that with the level of serum iron intake and no NaFeEDTA rise, see table 6.
2. 3. 2. 3 iron protein: the intervention group after eating strengthen flour significantly increased iron protein level, and the control group were significantly different. Compared before and after test ferritin, show by strengthening the flour NaFeEDTA intake of iron can increase the protein, see table 7 stored.
2 jboss and transferrin receptor: iron-deficiency anaemia caused transferrin receptor level increases, strengthen flour intervention 36 months after the intervention group transferrin receptor dropped significantly, while group did not change significantly. Enriched flour NaFeEDTA that can improve the nutritional status of human iron. See table 7.
2. 3. 3 serum zinc: edible strengthen flour 24 months after the intervention group significantly higher leels of serum zinc intake, by strengthening the flour, enhance the body's blood zinc levels. Table 6.
2. 3. 4 serum folate: strengthen flour can significantly improve the intervention group women serum folate levels. See table 7.
2.3.5 serum vitamin A, vitamin A 20ug < / dL for clinical 30ug/dL, lack of clinical lack, the intervention group in edible strengthen flour before subclinical lack 98 cases, total population of 31 percent, strengthen flour after 12 months, the level of serum vitamin A significantly higher than control group, to 36 months, 10 cases for subclinical lack of total population, the 3 percent, by strengthening the flour supplement vitamin A, vitamin A can obviously improve the clinical lack. Table 6, table 8.
3 discuss
Nutrition absence of sex disease (mainly trace elements in Chinese) is still lack nutritional problems, especially, In rural areas is widespread malnutrition. No change in its food strengthen people's eating habits and huawei did the characteristics, become the most economic, quick and feasible nutrition intervention. Flour, international has strengthened nutrients for decades of history, and made clear improvement.
Our country is flour production and consumption, whether in output per capita consumption, and is the main food. Residents indispensable Flour is higher consumption rate is as food is an important basis of vehicle. Previous studies have shown that the strengthening micronutrients flour technology is feasible. The forestry area in the paddock strengthen flour biological effect observation results show that: in the existing work in rural areas lack micronutrients using enriched flour can effectively im |
